The invention discloses a method for removing sulfur, phosphorus and arsenic in refractory iron rough concentrate and simultaneously recovering iron, and belongs to the technical field of mineral processing engineering. According to the method, the iron rough concentrate containing sulfur, phosphorus and arsenic, a reducing agent and a sulfur-phosphorus-arsenic removing agent are evenly mixed according to a certain mass ratio and put into a porcelain crucible, and the porcelain crucible is put into a muffle furnace; materials are roasted for 30-60 min at 700-1000 DEG C; after roasted products are subjected to water quenching, first stage magnetic concentrate and final tailings are obtained through first stage low-intensity magnetic concentration; and after first stage magnetic concentrate is ground, iron concentrate and secondary iron concentrate are obtained through second stage low-intensity magnetic concentration. The contents of sulfur, phosphorus and arsenic in the iron concentrate are lower than 0.10%, the grade and recovery rate of iron are higher than 66.00% and 81.00% correspondingly. The method is simple in process and reasonable in technological process, efficient synchronous removing of sulfur, phosphorus and arsenic and synchronous recovery of iron can be achieved, generated sulfur, phosphorus and arsenic compound can be separated from strongly magnetic minerals easily and cannot diffuse into air and then pollute the environment, the adaptability for raw materials is high, and the method can be industrially implemented easily.