The invention discloses a handrail cleaning device which comprises a mounting plate. The interior of the mounting plate is of a cavity structure, a first groove is machined in the lower surface of the mounting plate, and a supporting rod is arranged in the first groove. An arc-shaped fixed plate is arranged on the lower surface of the supporting rod, a first brush plate is arranged on the lower surface of the arc-shaped fixed plate, and second round grooves are machined in the surfaces of the two sides in the arc-shaped fixed plate. A cover plate is arranged on the inner edge of each second round groove, and an electric push rod with a telescopic end in the horizontal direction is arranged on the inner surface of each second round groove. A round opening is machined in the center of the side surface of each cover plate, and a second brush plate is arranged on one side of each cover plate. The handrail cleaning device has the advantages that the device can be adjusted to a proper size for wiping according to the size of stairs, can be fixed to the hand, and is prevented from dropping, and the handrail cleaning device can stretch out and draw back to be thoroughly cleaned.