The invention provides a fluorescence imaging method for intracellular glutathione. In the method, a fluorescence sensor based on a controlled release technology is applied to fluorescence imaging of the intracellular glutathione. The adopted fluorescence sensor comprises a gold nanometer cage, a fluorescent dye and a glutathione recognition probe, and has the advantages of simple structure, skillful design, stable performance, high cell membrane permeability, high intracellular release controllability, high glutathione selectivity, high intracellular dispersity and the like. By adopting the fluorescence sensor, high-sensitivity and high-definition fluorescence imaging of the intracellular glutathione can be realized conveniently and rapidly, and the advantages of short response time, easiness in direct observation, convenience in real-time monitoring and the like are achieved. Based on the controlled release technology, a novel technology and a novel method are provided for targeted therapy, drug delivery, cell imaging and real-time monitoring of tumor cells.