The invention discloses a self-cleaning antireflection coating and a preparation method thereof. The self-cleaning antireflection coating has the contact angle more than 15 degrees and the rolling angle less than 10 degrees, not only has high antireflection property but also has superhydrophobic, oleophobic and dust-phobic self-cleaning property, a solar energy heat collecting tube and a photovoltaic cell panel have self-cleaning property, on the basis of greatly improving system efficiency of a solar energy photothermal heat collecting device and the photovoltaic cell panel, environmental suitability and weather resistance of the self-cleaning antireflection coating can be greatly improved, and service life of the self-cleaning antireflection coating can be greatly prolonged; meanwhile, operation and maintenance costs of a power station also can be greatly reduced, and a preparation method of the self-cleaning antireflection coating is simple, low in requirement on shape of a base, low in cost, non-toxic and pollution-free; and the self-cleaning antireflection coating has excellent high temperature resistance, can be resistant to high temperature higher than 400 DEG C and also has acid and alkali corrosion resistance, hot and cold impact resistance and ultraviolet radiation resistance, and hardness and wear-resisting property of the self-cleaning antireflection coating are higher.