The present invention provides a finishing method of a high water absorption hydrophilic nonwoven fabric for medical treatment. The finishing method comprises: (1) low temperature plasma treatment: taking a nonwoven fabric base cloth, and carrying out low temperature plasma treatment on at least one surface of the nonwoven fabric base cloth, wherein the low temperature plasma treatment comprises: carrying out low temperature plasma treatment on the nonwoven fabric base cloth under a normal pressure by using N2, Ar or He gas as a working gas by using a ceramic electrode through dielectric barrier discharge; (2) online liquid injection: coating a fatty acid ester finishing liquid on the surface of the nonwoven fabric base cloth, and carrying out high temperature drying; and (3) cutting and packaging. According to the present invention, the method does not require the vacuum condition, can directly achieve the online liquid injection, and can directly perform the low temperature plasma treatment under the normal pressure without other additional equipment conditions; and the produced non-woven has characteristics of soft handfeeling and comfort, and can especially meet the high water absorption requirement in the medical industry, and the method can well meet the large-scale industrial production.