The invention provides an explosion-proof lifting device for an explosion-proof fire-fighting robot. The explosion-proof lifting device is composed of an explosion-proof shell assembly, an electric lifting rod assembly, a guide positioning assembly, a cable support chain assembly and a data acquisition box assembly. A data acquisition box body is provided with an explosion-proof video camera, a multi-gas data acquisition unit, a sound pickup and the like. The data acquisition box body is driven by the electric lifting rod assembly to make lifting movement, and thus environmental information at different heights can be detected. The explosion-proof lifting device is provided with a safe explosion-proof structure and a simple and efficient transmission mechanism, working is stable and reliable, and the failure rate is low.