The invention relates to a method for anaerobic sludge composting after municipal domestic sewage treatment. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing sludge after municipal domestic sewage treatment and wood chips according to the volume ratio of 10:1; 2) putting earthworms onto the surface of the mixed sludge and keeping for 3-15 days, wherein the quantity of the earthworms putted into the sludge per cubic meter is 3000-6000; 3) putting a mixture obtained in the step 2) into a composting tank, wherein the fermentation period is 3 months, and turning is performed once every other month; 4) screening the mixture after anaerobic composting and removing large particles of impurities. According to the method provided by the invention, the sludge after municipal domestic sewage treatment can be utilized for anaerobic composting to obtain organic fertilizers.