The invention discloses a safe ship cab structure with sliding doors convenient to open and close. The safe ship cab structure comprises a ship body and a cab body, the cab body is arranged in the middle of the ship body, the ship doors are arranged at the two ends of the cab body, the upper ends of the sliding doors are connected with movable blocks, rotary screws are arranged in the middles of the movable blocks, and fixed guide rails are arranged on the upper ends of the movable blocks. The lower ends of the sliding doors are connected with a fixed plate, first counter bores are formed in the two ends of the fixed plate, fixed pins are arranged in the first counter bores, the middles of the lower ends of the fixed pins are connected with rotary wheels, and a limiting sliding rail is arranged between the rotary wheels. An escape way is arranged in the middle of the top end of the cab body, a cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the escape way, the left side of the lower end of the escape way is connected with a hinge seat, and the right end of the hinge seat is connected with a sealing plate. According to the safe ship cab structure, the smoothness of the sliding doors during sliding is guaranteed, the inclining phenomenon of the sliding doors in the sliding process is avoided, fast opening and closing of the sliding doors are achieved, and in addition, safe escape of personnel in the cab body is guaranteed.