The invention relates to the technical field of plant planting, in particular to a plant cultivation model and a cultivation method. The plant cultivation model comprises a tree structure, wherein the tree structure comprises a trunk, a pair of main branches and multiple side branches, the main branches are arranged at the top of the trunk, the main branches and the trunk form a Y-shaped framework, the side branches are arranged at the top of the trunk and are uniformly arranged on two sides of each main branch, and the side branches and the main branches form sectors. The branches are evenly arranged and are fixed to shed frame lines in an equidistance mode, and sunlight can be fully utilized. Branch layering management is performed to facilitate field monitoring and operation. The branches are orderly arranged and can adapt to flower and fruit management and tree management performed by an automatic or semi-automatic device. The branches are symmetrically arranged, spatial nutrition balance of a tree body can be achieved through adjustment, excessive growth or vain vigor of individual branches is avoided, and the plant cultivation model has the important significance on promotion of plant cultivation, improvement of management efficiency and increase of fruit tree yield.