The invention discloses a method for extracting lead from lead sulfide concentrate through two-stage countercurrent constant-pressure oxidizing leaching of a sulfonic acid solution. The method comprises the following steps of mixing the sulfonic acid solution with lead sulfide concentrate and a surfactant in a reaction kettle, adopting iron ions as an oxidation catalyst, and performing a two-stage countercurrent leaching method of neutral oxidizing leaching and acid oxidizing leaching under constant pressure to achieve selective leaching of lead; oxidizing sulfur in the concentrate into elemental sulfur which remains in slag; performing electrodeposition on a neutral leaching solution so as to obtain metal lead and a waste electrolyte; performing next acid leaching on the waste electrolyte or preparing an electrolyte from the waste electrolyte and a new solution; and enabling an acid leaching solution to enter the procedure of the next neutral leaching. Through the adoption of the method, not only can the efficient extraction of lead be realized, but also the cyclic utilization of the leaching solution and the electrolyte is realized, and waste solutions are not produced, so that green and environmental protection requirements are met.