The invention relates to the field of oil refining, and discloses a desulfurization treatment method of phenol-containing oil and desulfurated phenol-containing oil produced by the method. The method includes contacting the phenol-containing oil with a desulfurizing non-dephenolizing catalyst to perform treatment of desulfurizing without dephenolizing under a hydrogen condition. The desulfurizing non-dephenolizing catalyst comprises a carrier and an active metal component supported on the carrier. The carrier is one or at least two of zinc oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and the active metal component is at least one of nickel, copper, palladium, platinum and ruthenium, wherein, based on the total weight of the desulfurizing non-dephenolizing catalyst, the content of the carrier is 80-98 wt%, and the content of the active metal component is 2-20 wt%. The hydrogen condition refers to that the reaction is carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere under normal pressure. The method in the invention can decrease the sulfur content to the utmost degree under a premise of decreasing the phenols content as little as possible, so as to enhance economic benefits to a greater degree.