The invention relates to a concrete drilling and sampling machine. The concrete drilling and sampling machine comprises a drill. The concrete drilling and sampling machine is characterized by further comprising a platform, wherein an inner cavity is arranged in the middle of the platform; the drill is arranged on the platform and is fixedly connected; the upper end of a drill bit is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the drill; a coring device is arranged in the drill bit; one end of the coring device protrudes out of the drill bit; the lower end of a cooling circulation device is arranged in the inner cavity of the platform, the upper end is arranged in the drill bit and is fixedly connected with the drill bit, and the middle is fixedly connected with the drill; and a splash guard is sleeved on the drill bit and forms a slip connection. The drilling and sampling operation can be performed by injecting cooling water into a water tank, placing the sampling machine on a concrete slab, regulating and fixing the coring device to the upper end of a sliding chute, and sleeving the splash guard on the drill bit; and a sample can be taken out from the drill bit by stopping the drill after drilling to a predetermined depth, loosening a nut of the coring device and pressing a horizontal lever downwards.