The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining, in particular to a rotary swinging workbench and a five-axis efficient vertical machining center provided with the same. The rotary swinging workbench comprises a workbench body, a crane span structure, a tail bracket, a C-axis rotation mechanism and a B-axis swinging mechanism. The workbench body is rotatably installed on the crane span structure through the C-axis rotation mechanism. One end of the crane span structure is rotatably connected with the tail bracket. The B-axis swinging mechanism is rotatably connected with the other end of the crane span structure. The axis C in the C-axis rotation mechanism is perpendicular to the axis B in the B-axis swinging mechanism. According to the five-axis efficient vertical machining center, after the rotary swinging workbench is adopted, the precision, the rigidity and the stability are high, the structure is compact, operation is easy, and the service life is long.