The invention discloses a file processing method and device, which can be used for increasing the efficiency of opinion collection and adoption of files and preventing from changing the working process of the opinion collection and adoption without authorization. The method comprises the following steps: receiving a file to be consulted, converting the visual and readable file to be consulted to a file which is organized based on a structured way, and displaying the file which is organized based on the structured way, wherein the the file which is organized based on the structured way comprises a root unit, a branch unit and a leaf unit; receiving the first opinion information which is input by a first user and aims at the root unit, the branch unit or the leaf unit; receiving the first adoption information of a second user to the first opinion information; receiving the second opinion information of a third user to the adoption information; receiving the second adoption information of a fourth user to the second opinion information, and returning to receive the second opinion information of the third user to the adoption information; and after achieving the preset conditions, stopping receiving the first opinion information, the first adoption information, the second opinion information and the second adoption information.