The invention discloses a quaternary diluted magnetic quantum dot material with adjustable fluorescence and room temperature ferromagnetism and a preparation method thereof; the quantum dot material is CuNiInS quaternary quantum dots wrapped by 2 to 4 layers of ZnS shells, and has the structural formula of CuNiInS@ZnS. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a CuNiInS core having room temperature ferromagnetism; and (2) injecting a Zn source at room temperature, and wrapping with an appropriate thickness of the ZnS shell layers. The method adopts a single-pot thermolysis method and is simple in process and easy to operate, the raw materials are easy to supply and low in price, and the method can be completed in general chemical laboratories and is easy to popularize.