The invention provides a total sulfur reaction furnace temperature control device which comprises a first temperature sensor, a data display instrument, a relay and a PLC programmable controller. The signal output end of the first temperature sensor is electrically connected with the data display instrument. The switching value output port of the data display instrument is electrically connected with the switching value input port of the PLC programmable controller. The output port of the PLC programmable controller is connected with the coil of the relay. An alternating current power supply is electrically connected with a heating resistance wire in a reaction furnace through the normally open contact of the relay. A hole parallel to the hearth is arranged at 2 to 3 cm from the center of the furnace core end face of the reaction furnace. The deepest part of the hole is set as a sampling point. The first temperature sensor is fixedly arranged at the sampling point. The first temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the sampling point. The invention further provides a total sulfur reaction furnace temperature control method. The device and the method can accurately control the temperature of the reaction furnace, and can be widely used in the field of hydrogen sulfide analyzers.