The invention discloses a device for detecting the gas production rate of a cylindrical lithium ion battery and an application method thereof and aims at solving the technical problem that the gas production rate of the cylindrical lithium ion battery is efficiently and accurately detected. The device for detecting the gas production rate of the cylindrical lithium ion battery comprises a base and an upper cavity component, wherein the base and the upper cavity component form a closed cavity; the cylindrical lithium ion battery is fixed on the base; an acupuncture component is arranged at the top of the upper cavity component; the acupuncture component is connected with the inner wall of the upper cavity component by virtue of an upper cavity component sealing pad; an air exhaust PP pipe and a sealing oil liquid column PP pipe are arranged on the side wall of the upper cavity component; the air exhaust PP pipe and the sealing oil liquid column PP pipe are respectively provided with a valve; a pipe wall hole is also formed in the air exhaust PP pipe; a rubber plug is arranged in the pipe wall hole; and the sealing oil liquid column PP pipe is a transparent pipe provided with an oil liquid column and a blind end at the tail end. The device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that shell walls of the base and the upper cavity component are made from a stainless steel material respectively, small in deformation, resistant to electrolyte corrosion, reusable and long in service life.