A narrow-range polyacetylene ester compound and a preparation method therefor. The narrow-range polyacetylene ester compound has a structural formula as represented by formula (I). The preparation method comprises: in atmospheric carbon dioxide environment, a bifunctional alkyne monomer, carbon dioxide, and a dihalide monomer perform polymerization reaction by means of a combined action of a catalyzer and alkali, dissolve the product into an organic solvent, then add same to a precipitant for precipitation, collect precipitates, and dry same to the constant weight to obtain the narrow-range polyacetylene ester compound. The preparation method for the polyacetylene ester compound is implemented in atmospheric carbon dioxide environment, and carbon dioxide participates in forming of a polymer as a monomer. The obtained narrow-range polyacetylene ester compound has good thermal stability and excellent processability. Due to introduction of an aggregation-induced emission group, some polymers show a typical aggregation-induced emission performance.