The invention discloses an electrical prospecting distributed type cable data transmission system which comprises a distributed type wireless electrical prospecting apparatus host. The distributed type wireless electrical prospecting apparatus host comprises a wireless transmission module and a cable transmission module interface, multi-stage exploration units are serially connected with the cable transmission module interface, each exploration unit comprises one relay and multiple serially connected intelligent electrodes which are serially connected with the delay, the delay comprises an antenna, a data transmission module, a core processor and a communication module which are connected in sequence, the core processor is further connected with a power supply module, the power supply module is provided with a first preceding-stage interface, the communication module is provided with a first backward-stage interface, the first end of the intelligent electrode serially connected with the first-stage exploration unit is connected with the cable transmission module interface, and the second end of the intelligent electrode serially connected with the first-stage exploration unit is connected with the first preceding-stage interface. By the arrangement, most of the work of a distributed cable is omitted, and weight and volume of the distributed cable are reduced.