The invention relates to the technical field of network security, in particular to a cloud data integrity verification method and system based on biological characteristics. The method comprises: the system is initialized and generates public parameters; a client uploads biological characteristic identity, and a key generation central server generates keys for a user; the client uploads files and tags to a cloud server; an auditing server transmits a challenge value to the cloud server, the cloud server computes a response value by utilizing the challenge value, user data and the tag and transmits the response value to the auditing server, and the auditing server verifies the validity of the response value in order to check whether the cloud server completely saves the data of the client. According to the cloud data integrity verification method and system based on the biological characteristics, complex key management load of the traditional verification protocol is simplified, and the system complexity is reduced; and meanwhile, fault tolerance, which the cloud data integrity auditing scheme based on identity does not have, is provided, so that the practicability is better. The invention further relates to a system of the cloud data integrity verification method based on the biological characteristics.