Provided is an integrated accident response and decision method of the main and distribution networks. The method comprises the steps that a situation set and a fault set of integrated operation of the main and distribution networks are established; 2) a globally coordinated control strategy knowledge base on the basis of an integrated rapid simulation result of the main and distribution networks is established; 3) a simulated situation decision rule base is generated via feature extraction and decision tree generation technologies; and 4) autonomous decision matching response of the main and distribution networks is realized after a fault via an operation state sensing technology of the main and distribution networks and an autonomous decision matching method. According to the integrated accident response and decision method, predetermination is made before that the main and distribution networks have the fault practically, and preventive control measures are provided for operation staff of the main and distribution networks; or emergency and recovery control strategies are provided rapidly after occurrence of the rapid fault. The operational stability, safety, reliability and economic performance of the whole power grid are improved.