A Yellow river sediment concentration water sample water temperature acquisition apparatus comprises a water temperature acquisition mechanism, a water sample conveying mechanism and a control mechanism. The Yellow river sediment concentration water sample and water temperature acquisition apparatus is characterized in that the water temperature acquisition mechanism comprises a thermometer, a lifting screw, a sliding nut, a vertical bracket, a fixed clip, a thermometer probe, a lifting motor, a data transmitter and a lifting positioning sensor for collecting water sample water temperature data and transmitting the water temperature data to a receiving terminal through the data transmitter for data processing; the lifting screw is connected with the vertical bracket by the sliding nut which slides up and down along the vertical bracket; and the lifting screw slides up and down through the vertical bracket; and the lifting screw is driven by the lifting motor arranged at the lower end of the lifting screw. The apparatus of the invention has the advantages that the data transmitter of the invention can send the water temperature data to the receiving terminal for data processing in time to meet the requirement of the water temperature measurement of the sediment concentration water sample of in the Yellow River so as to realize the purpose of rapid and intelligent measurement.