The invention provides a system and a method for automatic phosgene fish attracting based on a fish collection ship. The system comprises the fish collection ship, wherein a fish guide screen is arranged on a ship bow of the fish collection ship; the ship bow is connected with a fish collection tank, a fish through passage is arranged in the middle part of the fish collection ship, at least one side of the fish collection ship is connected with a river bank through a blocking air curtain device, and a river course is blocked by an air curtain; an underwater fish attracting lamp is arranged at the bottom part of the fish guide screen, and a fish passage fish attracting lamp is arranged in the fish through passage; a ship head fish attracting lamp is arranged on the ship head of the fish collection ship. In the use process, the method comprises the following steps of opening the blocking air curtain device to block the river course; opening the ship head fish attracting lamp to attract fish schools; opening the ship head fish attracting lamp, the underwater fish attracting lamp and the fish passage fish attracting lamp to attract the fish schools to enter the fish through passage; enabling the fishes to enter the fish collection tank, so as to collect the fishes, and automatically control the whole process. The system and the method have the advantages that by adopting the scheme of combining the fish collection ship, the blocking air curtain device and the fish attracting lamp, the injury to fishes by a fish guide net in the prior art is avoided, the garage stacking is avoided, and the influence to normal navigation is avoided.