The invention provides a screw installation fool-proof device and a fool-proof method thereof. The device comprises a device body, material detectors led from the device body, an electric screwdriver and a control system connected with the electric screwdriver; the material detectors are attached into a fixed tool containing materials and used for detecting current state information of the materials and transmitting the information to the control system, and the control system controls a corresponding counter to be reset to a preset value according to the state information; screws are fed through a screw aligning machine, and a sensor connected with the control system is arranged in the screw aligning machine; the screws are taken by the electric screwdriver; the sensor acquires taking information of the screws and transmits the taking information to the control system; the electric screwdriver locks the taken screws; the electric screwdriver acquires locking state information of the screws and transmits the locking state information to the control system; the control system controls the counter to count the screws which are taken and locked by the electric screwdriver according to the taking information and the locking state information. According to the screw installation fool-proof device and the fool-proof method thereof, it can be guaranteed that all the screws are installed in places and locked.