The invention discloses a charging starting test protection configuration method for a unified power flow controller (UPFC) series transformer. An overcurrent protection device without a direction is configured at a valve-side switch of a parallel transformer and is used as temporary protection for charging of a valve side of the series transformer, an equivalent loop of the series transformer is used for fault current calculation and protection constant value setting, and thus, the fault sensitivity of a tail end of a live-line region and the rapidness during a connection lead fault are met; the differential protection of a connection lead at the valve side of a series-parallel transformer is achieved by means of protection of a UPFC body, and a rapid and reliable action is protected to cut off a power supply during the lead fault; and aiming at a situation of an internal fault of the series transformer during charging, the charging protection function of the series transformer tripping in a combined way is protected by means of electrical quantity and non-electric quantity protection of the series transformer matched with the protection of the UPFC body, and the power supply is rapidly cut off. By the charging starting test protection configuration method, the integral protection function of the UPFC series transformer during the charging starting process can be completed, and the charging starting test protection configuration method has an important significance for smooth debugging, effective development and smooth engineering operation of UPFC engineering.