The invention provides a production method of a rubber wood timber high-temperature thermally-modified material. The production method comprises a step of high-temperature thermal modification; and the step of high-temperature thermal modification comprises steps of preheating, pre-drying, high-temperature thermal modification, and cooling, wherein in the step of high-temperature thermal modification, the temperature is controlled to be 135 to 175 DEG C, pressure is controlled to be 0.2 to 0.8Mpa, and the treatment time is controlled to be 1 to 6h. The invention also provides the rubber wood timber high-temperature thermally-modified material prepared via the production method. According to the production method, the step of high-temperature thermal modification is improved, so that defects of rubber wood in thermal modification such as cracking and deformation are avoided effectively, thermal modification treatment period is shortened, production time is shortened, energy consumption is reduced, the rubber wood timber high-temperature thermally-modified material with performance basically the same to that of rubber wood timber high-temperature thermally-modified materials produced via a normal pressure method is obtained, and product qualification ratio is increased.