The invention provides a floating type automatic balancing device which comprises an outer floating box, an inner floating box and a floating box guide frame. The inner floating box is arranged in the outer floating box and connected with the outer floating box through the floating box guide frame. The floating type automatic balancing device is simple in structure, shaking can be effectively reduced, the inner floating box can meet a certain levelness requirement, and other equipment or instruments can be loaded to conduct corresponding work. The invention further provides an anemometry platform which comprises the above floating type automatic balancing device and an anemoscope. The anemometry platform is easy to construct, high in efficiency, short in period, easy to maintain, low in cost and capable of being reused, anemometry work is more stable, and the accuracy of anemometry data is improved.