The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a temperature sensitive type Y2SiO5:Eu intelligent thermal barrier coating. The preparation method comprises the steps that nanometer yttrium oxide powder, micrometer silicon dioxide powder, nanometer europium oxide powder and LiYO2 powder are subjected to ball-milling and high-temperature sintering to obtain ceramic aggregate powder Y2SiO5:Eu powder which is then dispersed into 1-methyl pyrrolidone; polyving alcohol is added to enable the ceramic aggregate powder Y2SiO5:Eu powder to be dispersed completely and then ultrasonic oscillation is conducted; then a mixed binder is added to conduct L-S phase conversion preparation, and obtained coated Y2SiO5:Eu microballons are sprayed on the surface of a high-temperature alloy sample with a metal bonding layer to form a fluorescent layer with the thickness being 3-50 [mu]m; and then a Y2SiO5 coating is sprayed on the surface of the fluorescent layer according to the same spraying process, so that the temperature sensitive type Y2SiO5:Eu intelligent thermal barrier coating is obtained and can be used in coating temperature measurement. The prepared thermal barrier coating has the advantages that the surface is even, no microcrack occurs, the thickness is uniform, no penetrating hole exists, and the bonding force is good. In addition, excellent fluorescent emitting performance and a temperature fluorescent effect are achieved, and the temperature sensitive type Y2SiO5:Eu intelligent thermal barrier coating can be applied to the field of fluorescent temperature measurement of coatings.