Provided in the present invention are odontogenic stem cells and a use of genetically modified odontogenic stem cells for treating periodontal disease, repairing defects in periodontal bone tissues or soft tissues and/or promoting the regeneration of periodontal tissues, or in products for treating acute and chronic bone tissue injuries (e.g. bone fracture) or bone tissue defects. Also provided in the present invention is a composition comprising odontogenic stem cells and/or genetically modified odontogenic stem cells, wherein an exogenous hepatocyte growth factor gene is introduced into odontogenic stem cells through an adenovirus or adeno-associated virus vector to obtain the genetically modified odontogenic stem cells.