The invention provides a hemp fiber extraction machine which comprises an electric control device, a framework, hemp removal devices and clamping and conveying devices. The hemp removal devices include a first double-drum hemp removal device and a second double-drum hemp removal device which are horizontally parallelly arranged, connecting rings for guiding airflow are arranged above the hemp removal devices, and two blowing nozzles are respectively arranged above a hemp stalk clamping driving wheel and at a fiber inlet; the clamping and conveying devices include a hemp stalk clamping and conveying device and a fiber clamping and conveying device and are respectively arranged above the hemp removal devices, the hemp stalk clamping and conveying device is used for inputting hemp removal materials into the first double-drum hemp removal device, and the fiber clamping and conveying device is used for carrying out secondary hemp removal on the hemp removal materials after primary hemp removal is carried out on the hemp removal materials, and inputting the materials into a fiber collecting tank after hemp removal is carried out on the materials. The hemp fiber extraction machine has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliability in work and good universality.