The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a novel technology for recycling a fluorinated surfactant in water. The technology comprises the steps that firstly, ferromagnetic particles are synthesized or selected, then, the surface of a magnetic material is coated with an inert material layer, and then, the surface of the magnetic material is coated with a large number of reaction species; then, polyethylene glycol and fluorocarbon with the tail end capable of reacting with the reaction species is added, and polyoxyethylene chains and fluorocarbon chains are linked to the surfaces of the particles; the particles with the surfaces covered with the polyoxyethylene chains and fluorocarbon chains are dispersed into raw water containing a fluorinated surfactant; when adsorption is saturated, a high magnetic field is utilized for extracting the particles from water, and therefore the fluorinated surfactant in water can be removed, and the treated clean water can be directly discharged. The novel technology has the advantages that the method is simple and reliable, energy consumption is low, the magnetic particles can be recycled, and the novel technology can be used for recycling fluorinated surfactant in fluorine-containing polymer production and treating wastewater of the fluorinated surfactant.