The invention discloses an environment-friendly and energy-saving protective agent for coating the surface of a positive unformed plate. The environment-friendly and energy-saving protective agent comprises nano fumed silica, a 60% polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyl cellulose, a polyester fiber, a sulfuric acid and distilled water. The invention further discloses a coating production method employing the protective agent in a roller-dipping rolling manner. The advantages of acid leaching rolling are reserved; the adverse consequences generated by an acid leaching hydraulic mode are avoided; and the protective agent has important significance in the economic benefit aspect of reducing the production cost and the social benefit aspect of reducing the lead slag and waste acid effluents.