The invention discloses application of a transgenic zebrafish model to screening of drugs for treating G6PD deficiency. According to the transgenic zebrafish model, an erythroid cell specific promoter gatal drives mutant g6pd genes deficient at sites 118-144, and meanwhile the transgenic zebrafish model expresses EGFP and is traceable. The zebrafish model is about glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD), is established through a dominant negative effect and is used for traceable observation of changes of erythrocytes in the drug treatment process to achieve application of the model in the process of screening the drugs for treating G6PD deficiency. A brand new convenient mode for screening the drugs for treating G6PD deficiency is obtained, and the drug screening efficiency is improved.