The invention discloses an integrated processing system and method for sewage sludge with the high dryness. The system comprises an active gas generator (1), a helical filtering apparatus (2), and an oxidation cylinder (3). The helical filtering apparatus (2) has a double helix structure and includes a helical shaft (2.1), a helical blade (2.2) and a helical cylinder (2.3), wherein the helical shaft (2.1) is installed in the helical cylinder (2.3), and the helical blade (2.2) is arranged on the helical shaft (2.1) and located between the helical shaft (2.1) and an inner wall of the helical cylinder in parallel. The helical shaft (2.1) is hollow and has an end inlet communicating with the active gas generator. Vent holes for leading active gas in are formed in the wall of the helical shaft. One end of the helical cylinder (2.3) is connected to the oxidation cylinder (3). The system is wide in application range, low in energy consumption, and beneficial for sludge reduction, and the processed sludge is low in water content.