The invention discloses a power distribution network bad data detection and identification method based on uncertainty of measurement, comprising the following steps: S1, establishing a power distribution network bad data detection and identification model; and S2, designing a power distribution network bad data detection and identification calculation method. The beneficial effect of the method is that bad data can be all identified under the condition that the data is severely bad, missing detection and false detection are prevented, residual pollution is avoided, and the method has a strong ability of bad data identification. After estimation through the method, the estimated value of each bad data measurement point is closer to the true value, and the estimated value is very close to the true value especially for irrelevant bad data measurement points. The method can be used not only to identify bad data, but also to give an accurate estimated value of a bad data measurement point, which is also the advantage of the method.