The present application discloses a data processing method and apparatus. A specific embodiment of the method includes: preprocessing received to-be-processed input data; obtaining a storage address of configuration parameters of the to-be-processed input data based on a result of the preprocessing and a result obtained by linearly fitting an activation function, the configuration parameters being preset according to curve characteristics of the activation function; acquiring the configuration parameters of the to-be-processed input data according to the storage address; and processing the result of the preprocessing of the to-be-processed input data based on the configuration parameters of the to-be-processed input data and a preset circuit structure, to obtain a processing result. This implementation manner implements the processing of the input data to be processed by using the configuration parameter and the preset circuit structure, without the need to use any special circuit for implementing the activation function, thereby simplifying the circuit structure. In addition, this implementation manner can support multiple types of activation functions, thereby improving the flexibility. With such an embodiment, the processing of the input data to be processed can be realized by using the configuration parameters and the preset circuit structure, without the need of using a special circuit to implement the activation function, thereby simplifying the circuit structure, supporting various activation functions, and improving the flexibility.