The invention discloses a heavy-load type durable asphalt composite structure applicable to a 'changing white to black' project. The layered composite structure is arranged on an original pavement layer and comprises an upper surface layer, a second bonding layer, an intermediate layer, a first bonding layer, a lower surface layer and a stress absorption layer in sequence from top to bottom; the stress absorption layer is arranged on the upper surface of the original pavement layer. According to the heavy-load type durable asphalt composite structure, the upper surface layer made of rubber asphalt SMA13, the intermediate layer and the lower surface layer made of high-modulus EME are all capable of bear load well, and excellent track resistance is achieved; meanwhile, compared with a common asphalt mixture, the position of the upper surface layer, the position of the intermediate layer and the position of the lower surface layer are all high in stiffness modulus which is closer to the modulus of a cement concrete pavement, so that the entire deformation coordination capacity is unified, and it is helpful to prolong the entire structural service life of the pavement.