The invention discloses a safety protection device for building overhead operation. The safety protection device comprises a cap body with cooling holes; the cap body is connected with a pair of protective goggles and a protective cover; and a lock catch device used for fixing the cap body on the head of an operator is further arranged on the lower portion of the cap body. The safety protection device further comprises a protective belt connected with the cap body; the protective belt comprises a detachable waistband which is tied on the hips of the operator; the detachable waistband is provided with a double-shoulder strap which is fixed to the upper body part of the operator; the double-shoulder strap is connected with the cap body; and a safety grab which is connected with the double-shoulder strap, is connected to a building steel tube support through a protective rope and is used for preventing the operator from missing his step and falling down is arranged on the double-shoulder strap. The safety protection device further comprises a safety rope tied to the building steel tube support; and the safety rope is provided with a self-locking device which is connected with the double-shoulder strap through a connecting rope. The safety protection device for building overhead operation is simple in structure, safe, reliable, good in stability and comprehensive protective property and high in practicability.