The invention discloses an efficient material scattering device of a cement preheater. The efficient material scattering device comprises a material scattering box, a material guide tube, an air blower, an air duct, a drive device and a stirring device, wherein one side of the top end of the material scattering box is provided with a feeding hole; a buffer bin and a material limiting hole are sequentially arranged below the feeding hole; a stirring device which rotates in a horizontal direction is arranged in the material scattering box; the top end of the stirring device is connected to a drive device; the drive device is positioned on the outer part of the material scattering box; discharge holes are formed in the upper ends of the side walls at the two sides of the material scattering box; grid plates cover the discharge holes; the grid plates are externally connected to material guide tubes; the discharge ends of the material guide tubes communicate with the air duct; a plurality of vibrating plates for dividing each material guide plate into a plurality of inclined downward channels are arranged in the corresponding material guide tube; the vibrating plates are connected to a vibrating motor; and the air blower which is used for blowing air upwards is further arranged on the bottom of the material scattering box. The device can be used for uniformly scattering cluster materials into the air duct.