The invention provides a natural gas adsorption tank heat exchange system which comprises an adsorption material suitable for adsorbing natural gas. The adsorption material is placed in a natural adsorption tank, and a heat exchanger suitable for cooling or heating the natural gas to neutralize adsorption heat when the adsorption material adsorbs or desorbs the natural gas is arranged on the natural gas adsorption tank. By utilizing a law that the natural gas may generate a lot of heat during adsorption and surface temperature of an adsorbent is lowered due to heat absorption during desorption, the adsorbent in the tank can be cooled or heated according to needs after a convection heat exchange device is additionally mounted, the adsorbent is maintained within a temperature range with highest adsorption efficiency, the adsorption heat problem is solved simply and effectively, and maximization of adsorption efficiency is guaranteed.