The invention discloses a high-efficiency environment-friendly energy-saving petroleum pumping device and belongs to petroleum equipment. A pump petroleum shell and an electromagnetic coil are mounted inside a buoyancy shell of the device; the electromagnetic coil is fixed outside the pump petroleum shell; the pump petroleum shell is fixedly arranged inside the buoyancy shell; a petroleum discharging valve is fixedly arranged in a center hole of the pump petroleum shell; an iron core spring and an iron core piston are arranged inside the pump petroleum shell; the iron core spring is used for jacking the lower end face of the iron core piston; a sealing plate is used for sealing a petroleum charging chamber; a petroleum passing sealing plate is used for sealing a petroleum charging passage of an extrusion chamber; a limiting plug is fixedly arranged in a plug hole in the iron core piston; a sealing ball or a sealing cone is mounted in an inner taper hole. The high-efficiency environment-friendly energy-saving petroleum pumping device is compact in structure, strong in power and suitable for pumping petroleum in a petroleum well and pumping petroleum in a petroleum sedimentation basin; when being used for pumping petroleum, the device disclosed by the invention is floated on the petroleum surface and can automatically rise or fall with rise and fall of the petroleum surface; silt and water in the petroleum well or at the bottom of the sedimentation basin cannot enter a petroleum pump; moreover, the petroleum can also be conveyed in an automatic flowing way after the power is off.