The invention provides a message processing method and system based on bionic hierarchical communication. The method comprises the following steps that each node of a distributed system sends unclassified messages to a message receiver; the message receiver classifies the messages through a message classifier; different types of messages flow into different message distribution engines; the message distribution engines send the messages to a message processor through different processing interfaces; the message processor completes processing of the messages through a message processing plug-in; an engine resource consumption monitor monitors monitoring data of each message distribution engine and sends the monitoring data to an engine resource manager; and the engine resource manager dynamically computes resource quantity used by each engine according to the received monitoring data and the workload status of each engine. According to the method and the system, message classification is defined by a communication scene, so that unified message processing is realized; dynamic resource allocation is adopted, so that different attribute messages are guaranteed to obtain proper reliability and real-time performance respectively; and the message processing work is completed outside an application, so that the application development difficulty is reduced.