The invention relates to a hot melt type strippable protective material and a preparation method thereof. The material is composed of a component A and a component B at a weight ratio of (3-5) to 1, wherein the component A comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of titanium dioxide, 5-7 parts of di-n-octyl phthalate, 3-5 parts of castor oil and 5-7 parts of malic anhydride resin; and the component B comprises the following components in parts by weight: 14-18 parts of cellaburate, 24-28 parts of mineral oil, 24-28 parts of di-n-octyl phthalate, 8-10 parts of triorthocresol phosphate, 1-2 parts of anhydrous lanolin, 1-2 parts of solid paraffin wax and 1-2 parts of octyl phenol. The hot melt type strippable protective material is readily available in raw materials, wide in market prospect and simple in preparation method; the coating obtained by the material has acid resistance, base resistance, aging resistance and excellent corrosion resistance; the material has strong applicability and can be used for protection of the surface of the structural component; and the material can be stripped at normal temperature, and the stripped material can be recycled, thereby realizing energy-saving, environment-friendly, and pollution-free effects.