The invention discloses a heating system with quick heating and cooling functions. A heating room comprises furnace doors, and the furnace doors are arranged on the left side and the right side of the heating room; a heated air circulation mechanism is arranged on the side wall or the top of the heating room; a heating and controlling mechanism comprises a temperature controller and a heater; the temperature controller is arranged on the outer wall of the heating room, and the heater is arranged on a heating carrier; the temperature controller is provided with a temperature-sensing probe, and the temperature of the heating room is controlled by controlling the heater; and the heating carrier comprises a trolley baseplate, a support plate, a support frame, travelling wheels, a trolley heater, automatic lifting guard plates, baffles and driving motors. According to the heating system, a trolley heating zone is added on a heating curing trolley to heat an object, so that quick heating is achieved; the automatic lifting guard plates can thermally insulate and protect the driving motors; and when the heating carrier gets out, the motors are directly contacted with low-temperature air, so that cooling is quickened.