The invention discloses a media data acquisition method, a media terminal and a music teaching system. The media terminal comprises a video acquisition unit, a video buffer zone, an audio acquisition unit, an audio buffer zone, a sending buffer zone, a transmission unit and a control unit; the video acquisition unit is used for acquiring an image and coding the image into a video frame; the video buffer zone is suitable for storing the video frame; the audio acquisition unit is used for acquiring sound and coding the sound into an audio frame; the audio buffer zone is suitable for storing the audio frame; the sending buffer zone is used for storing data frames to be sent; each data frame is the video frame or the audio frame; the transmission unit is suitable for transmitting the data frames to be sent to a media server; the control unit is suitable for detecting the audio buffer zone and pushing the audio frame in the audio buffer zone into the sending buffer zone; and, when the audio buffer zone is empty, the control unit extracts the video frame from the video buffer zone and pushes the video frame into the sending buffer zone if the number of the data frames to be sent is not beyond a threshold value and the video buffer zone is not empty.