The application discloses a sediment deposition collection device. The sediment deposition collection device comprises a housing and mesh screens, wherein the housing comprises an upper cover and a bottom cover, which both can be opened; when the upper cover and the bottom cover are both closed, a closed space is formed in the housing; openable and closable through holes are formed in one side wall of the housing; the mesh screens are detachably arranged in the housing and divide the inner space of the housing into at least two layers in the vertical direction; the through holes are formed in positions below the mesh screens. Owing to the arrangement, the sediment deposition collection device is convenient to operate, can effectively improve the working efficiency, save the storing and carrying space, as well as water and materials, and improve the working precision, is convenient to carry and is environment-friendly and clean.