The invention discloses a continuous production method and apparatus for plastic cellular boards based on plastic-absorption and rolling collaboration. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, forming a vacuum parison by use of a die head; secondly, forming a cellular structure on one side and performing hot-pressing fusion with a bottom layer of the cellular structure on the other side by means of coordination of a vacuum forming roller with a cellular structure and a smooth forming roller; and finally, performing hot air heating and secondary setting. The apparatus comprises the die head, a shunting knife, an air cushion plug, the vacuum forming roller, the smooth forming roller, a hot air knife and a secondary setting roll set; the vacuum forming roller and the smooth forming roller are arranged side by side to form a primary forming roll group; the shunting knife is arranged within the die head; flow channels are arranged on the two sides of the shunting knife, respectively; the air cushion plug is arranged under the shunting knife and located inside an extruded parison; the die head, the primary forming roll set, the hot air knife and the secondary setting roll set are arranged in sequence in a conveying direction of materials. The continuous production method and apparatus for plastic cellular boards based on plastic-absorption and rolling collaboration are capable of quickly forming the plastic cellular boards once and effectively overcoming a defect of insufficient bearing capacity of existing plastic cellular boards.