The invention discloses an aircraft monitoring and direction-finding system, which comprises direction-finding equipment and hitching equipment used for hitching the direction-finding equipment onto an aircraft. The direction-finding equipment comprises an electronic compass, a direction-finding antenna, a receiver, an X86 processing board, a WiFi module and a WiFi omnidirectional antenna. The output end of the electronic compass is connected with the X86 processing board. The output end of the direction-finding antenna is connected with the receiver. The receiver is connected with the X86 processing board. The X86 processing board is connected with the WiFi module. The WiFi module is in wireless communication with a direction-finding and monitoring terminal on the ground via the WiFi omnidirectional antenna. The aircraft monitoring and direction-finding system of the invention realizes the orientation function by means of the electronic compass, and is capable of completely collecting, receiving and processing data. Meanwhile, processed data can be transmitted to the direction-finding and monitoring terminal on the ground in the wireless communication manner. The real-time performance of the data transmission operation is ensured effectively.