The invention relates to a steel bar rolling and extruding machine which comprises a machine frame, a motor, a reducer and eccentric rollers. The motor fixed to the machine frame drives the eccentric rollers to act after being connected with the reducer. The steel bar rolling and extruding machine is characterized in that a left side plate and a right side plate are arranged on the machine frame, a driving shaft and a driven shaft are movably positioned between the left side plate and the right side plate, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft synchronously rotate in the opposite directions through a pair of engaged gears. The driving shaft and an output shaft of the reducer are in shaft connection to form a power transmission structure. The main eccentric roller and the driven eccentric roller are correspondingly fixed to the driving shaft and the driven shaft. According to the steel bar rolling and extruding machine, the pair of eccentric rollers synchronously rotates in the opposite directions to roll and extrude workpieces, machining of wedged clamping portions can be achieved, and therefore the requirements for standard and efficient machining of the workpieces are met. The steel bar rolling and extruding machine has the characteristics of being stable in work, high in efficiency, capable of continuously working, novel in structure, orderly in arrangement and convenient to repair.