The invention provides an intelligent anti-falling pole climbing tower protective device of a power system and a safety pole climbing method thereof, and belongs to the field of power grid anti-falling equipment. The intelligent anti-falling pole climbing tower protective device comprises a safety belt, wherein the safety belt is connected on a slide block through a connecting device; the slide block is mounted on a slide rail parallel to an electric pole tower; reverse teeth are arranged on the slide rail; through holes are formed in the slide block; four roller wheels are arranged in the through holes; the slide rail penetrates through the through holes; the slide block is fixed on the slide rail through four roller wheels and capable of moving along the slide rail; a mounting hole is formed in the side wall of one through hole; an overhead hook is hinged in the mounting hole; and a spring is arranged between the overhead hook and the bottom of the mounting hole. The intelligent anti-falling pole climbing tower protective device can provide emergency protection when line construction staff slides.